D) sociocultural clinician. B) 5-10 percent A person suspected of having unipolar depression has a smaller-than-normal hippocampus, although it produces a normal number of new neurons. A) The percentages are virtually identical across countries. Darius thinks that his poor performance in math was due to a bad teacher. A) there does not appear to be a genetic component in the development of bipolar disorders. C) cognitive clinician. A) psychodynamic and cognitive Her physician is MOST likely to recommend treatment with: Alan is always edgy and nervous and feels there is something to be afraid of but cannot name it. Pierre feels terrible. A woman being treated for postpartum depression after the birth of her first child is most likely to: B) symbolic losses. For women experiencing postpartum depression, which of the following is true regarding psychotherapy for depression? For this assessment technique to be useful, there must be: A test is constructed to identify people who will develop schizophrenia. D) genetic factors. C) cognitive A) divorced people. A) postpartum depression. A) dopamine If people with unipolar depression were found to have higher levels of cortisol, such a finding would support the influence of the: ______. C) acetylcholine How would cognitive theorists explain her behavior? A) behavioral The type of antidepressant drug that works by interfering with the enzyme that normally destroys norepinephrine is an _____. B) the "cognitive triad" D) norepinephrine. Teen Counseling Online Therapy - Teen Counseling is a leading provider of online therapy for teens. D) onset within four weeks of giving birth. A) Most women stop having depressive symptoms within four weeks after the birth of their child. The clinician who would be MOST likely to ask, "Do you believe you will always feel like this in all situations?" They tend to magnify the importance and meaning placed on negative events, and minimize the importance and meaning of positive events. A) cognitive This is the: D) psychodynamic. B) genetic linkage patterns B) different factors cause depression in different people. An older person retires and begins experiencing health problems. C) behavioral and sociocultural CBT is a time-limited treatment that typically involves weekly sessions over the course of several months. An important difference between mood disorders and normal mood fluctuation is: the severity and duration of the problem. A) cognitive C) hormone withdrawal syndrome. A) repeated episodes. A behaviorist would explain the resulting depression in terms of: The type of clinician who would be MOST likely to ask "What are some things you enjoy doing and how often do you do them?" Or, depressive cognitions can result from a lack of experiences that would facilitate the development of adaptive coping skills. C) an interaction between factors causes depression. ", D. "mild mood disorders are related to greater creativity than severe disorders". adding positive activities to the patients life. There are several theories of depression that have been proposed over time, each with its own set of underlying causes and influences on mental health. D) melancholic. A) self-blame theory. D) endogenous depression. Other theories have looked at the influence of genetics, hormones, and neurotransmitters on the development of depression. Cognitive theorists explain depression in terms of a person's negative interpretation of events Which of the following would provide the BEST evidence for the cognitive explanation for depression? Considering data from several countries around the world, which of the following is the MOST accurate statement about the percentages of adults in each country who suffer from mood disorders each year? The belief that the prefrontal cortex has a very important part to play in the development of depression: B) emotional Cognitive theorists explain depression in terms of a person's: A. negative interpretation of events B. symbolic losses C. decrease in positive activities D. ethnic background negative interpretation of events You have not lost a patient during an operation in two years. B) biological orientation. B) learned helplessness. As a result of taking antidepressant drugs, a person is experiencing increased production of new neurons in the hippocampus. A) behavioral As a result, depressed people tend to misinterpret facts in negative ways and blame themselves for any misfortune that occurs. Jared rarely has a calm moment. B) Asian countries generally have higher percentages of mood disorders. Clients write stories about their problems, and then two different judges independently evaluate the stories in terms of how logically they are written. D) psychoanalytic. Judith is currently experiencing a period of sadness that interferes with her ability to go to work and to take care of her children. A) someone who had experienced no uncontrollable negative events, then experienced a controllable negative event. C) parent-child patterns of interaction The cognitive explanation for panic disorders is that people who have them: The phobia MOST often associated with panic disorder is: Teaching people to accept their worries and live in the present momentmindfulness therapyis MOST consistent with which theoretical approach? Cognitive behavioral theorists suggest that depression results from maladaptive, faulty, or irrational cognitions taking the form of distorted thoughts core beliefs and judgments. B) motivational A. depressed behavior leads to even fewer opportunities for social rewards. No unusually stressful events have occurred in the past year. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a type of talk therapy that has been shown to be effective in treating depression. 1 / 59 An otherwise "normal" person under the influence of hypnotic suggestion is made to bark, sit, and fetch like a dog. A. very little support for the existence of a genetic factor in unipolar depression, Recent studies show about what proportion of those experiencing major depressive disorder receive treatment for that disorder? A) almost noneabout 10 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year A) cognitive A) recurrent depression. D) staying in bed for hours during the day, D. staying in bed for hours during the day, A depressed person who is confused, unable to remember things, and unable to solve problems is suffering from _______ symptoms. C) motivational and behavioral. A) 10 percent, 10 percent, 10 percent Studies reporting abnormalities in the basal ganglia of individuals with bipolar disorder provide the strongest support for which of the following causes of biopolar disorder? Different cognitive behavioral theorists have developed their own unique twist on the Cognitive way of thinking about mental health. D) Rumination theory has almost no support and is on the way out. This is an example of: Cognitive Theory Of Depression - Aaron Beck - MentalHelp.net B. U.S. woman who has lived all her life on a Native American reservation. A therapist treating a patient for depression first finds out what activities the client once found pleasurable. This is: Having frequent headaches, disturbances in sleep, and loss of appetite are _____ symptoms of depression. If a person criticized everything he did, looking for flaws, and never could measure up to his personal standards, he would be exhibiting what Rogers called: A person who believes that it is awful and catastrophic when things are not the way he or she would like them to be is displaying: A state of breathless euphoria, or frenzied energy, in which people have an exaggerated belief in their power is called ____. D) The percentages are over twice as high in some countries as they are in others. In other words, the more negative thoughts you experience, the more depressed you will become. To receive a diagnosis of major depressive episode, catatonic, the individual must display: Their licensed therapists specialize in helping couples improve communication skills to resolve conflict in healthy ways. C) cognitive clinician. D. seek treatment: psychological disturbance is not necessary for good artistic output. D. the percentages are over twice as high in some countries as they are in others, A friend of yours diagnosed with unipolar depression says, "This cant be that bad. Cognitive theorists explain depression in terms of a person's - Study B) emotional D) psychodynamic, A decrease in social rewards, especially a decrease in social support, such as the support found in a happy marriage may precede the onset of depression, providing evidence for which theoretical perspectives? Behaviorists would be MOST likely to say that people with depressions must improve their social skills because: positive reinforcement is given to people who exhibit positive social behavior. Although initially thought to be due to an excessive amount of a particular neurotransmitter, mania has been found to be due to low levels of which neurotransmitter? Someone receiving treatment for depression periodically completes an Attributional Style Questionnaire, which is designed to measure the therapys effectiveness. A) Everyone is out to get me. B. someone who had experienced uncontrollable negative events & then a controllable negative event, A woman who was frequently but unpredictably beaten by her husband was finally taken to a shelter by the police. C) seek treatment, but only for the depression: mania is essential to better artistic output. A person displaying sadness, lack of energy, headaches, and feelings of low self-worth is showing all of the following symptoms EXCEPT: When these beliefs are present in someone's cognition, depression is very likely to occur (if it has not already occurred). D) dysthymic depression. D) down the length of a muscle. C) decrease in positive activities. B) serotonin He is miserable and suffers from at least five symptoms of depression. D) Men respond less successfully to therapy for depression. Home Flashcards Abnormal Psych Chapter 8. Family pedigree and twin studies have been used to look for a genetic predisposition for unipolar depression. What is the best advice you could give your friend regarding mood disorders? A) mania. Compared to African Americans, white Americans are: Martin Seligman has developed a theory based on the idea that depression results from: A) seasonal From virtual counseling to medication management services, Talkspace online therapy may be covered by your insurance provider. All of these maneuvers, which happen quite unconsciously, function to help maintain a depressed person's core negative schemas in the face of contradictory evidence, and allow them to remain feeling hopeless about the future even when the evidence suggests that things will get better. Abnormal Exam 2 Flashcards | Quizlet What is the current incidence of severe unipolar depression in the United States? A) bipolar II seasonal. It targets specific cognitive processes and aims to replace negative thinking patterns with more balanced and realistic thoughts. B. there may be several different genes that establish a predisposition to develop bipolar disorders. Exam 2 Flashcards | Chegg.com Seasonal affective disorder is associated with fewer hours per day of daylight during the winter months. A) They all have some supporting evidence, but they all also have some research findings they cant explain. D) very seldom include physical activity, usually including only mental activity. D) melancholic. B) inflated self-esteem. Figure 1. A) behavioral If a biochemical imbalance were the cause of a persons depression, the latest research would lead us to expect to find that person to have: A) Unipolar depression and bipolar disorder both have several important factors. is a: Cognitive theories rose to prominence in response to the early behaviorists' failure to take thoughts and feelings seriously. Artifact theory differs importantly from other sociocultural theories of depression because it suggests: Learning tools, flashcards, and textbook solutions | Quizlet B) physical and cognitive. 4305 Orders Completed. The woman is experiencing: B) Do nothing; sometimes, hypomania increases artistic creativity and productivity. Consequently, the person loses contact with old friends and becomes unpleasant to be around. D) highresearchers have narrowed their study down to at most three genes linked to unipolar depression, B. low so far, specific genes on half or more chromosomes have been linked to unipolar depression. D) lack-of-control theory. A) read to their child." This statement might be made by a therapist practicing _____ therapy. A) humanist B) hug or cuddle their child." C) experiences of sadness and anger If she develops depression as a result of her work experiences, the theory that BEST easily explains the onset of her depression is: Benzodiazepines appear to reduce anxiety by acting on synapses that are mediated by the neurotransmitter _____. B) It does not occur often enough to qualify for a diagnosis. A) recurrent depression C) sociocultural Rather, the idea behind the whole cognitive theory movement was to integrate mental events into the behavioral framework. Psychological Theories of Depression C) depression. Her therapist asks her about her daily experiences, focusing on how often people say nice things to her. D) Lewinsohn. She has never felt this way before, but this has been going on for several weeks. Which statement is MOST consistent with the use of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for depression? Matthew is taking imipramine. C) behavioral A) common: most people with this diagnosis are men in their early to mid 40s. With what type of major depression would she MOST likely be diagnosed? C) behavioral C) brain structure B) ion activity. B) hormone changes mask the development of depression in women. B) lowso far, specific genes on half or more of chromosomes have been linked to unipolar depression Relatives of those with major depressive disorder have double the risk of developing major depressive disorder, whereas relatives of patients with bipolar disorder have over nine times the risk (Merikangas et al., 2011). D) sociocultural orientation. Biochemical explanations for bipolar disorder focus on all of the following EXCEPT: B) A psychodynamic approach works particularly well. MentalHelp has partnered with several thought leaders in the mental health and wellness space, so we can help you make informed decisions on your wellness journey. A) "You should get some therapy; theres nothing positive about depression." A) manic depression. C) motivational C) moderateresearchers have identified at most a half-dozen or so genes linked to unipolar depression D) a belief that one has no control over the events in ones life. Maybe my creativity will increase." B) catatonic B) a manic phase of bipolar I disorder. If a study showed that both monozygotic twins had about a 45 percent chance of having unipolar depression when their twin had unipolar depression, this would provide: D) learned anxiety turned inward. C. the same as it is for girls, but the prevalence for men is lower than it is for women, What is the current incidence of severe unipolar depression in the United States? A) learned helplessness The rate of concordance for major depressive . Abnormal Psyc Quiz 4 Ch. 7 Flashcards | Quizlet C) cognitive clinician. D) Unipolar depression and bipolar disorder have one major factor. Diffusion Let us complete them for you. The cognitive approach explains depression as a result of negative thinking patterns and beliefs that are developed over time. A) seasonal According to this model, people with depression tend to focus their attention on negative aspects of their experiences, leading to a lack of positive reinforcement and an increased risk of developing negative schemas. Cognitive model depicting interaction of cognitions, feelings, and actions. The contingency management approach is an example of the application of ____ to the treatment of depression. C) behavioral Suddenly and without warning, and without apparent cause, Melissa felt scared she was losing control and became paralyzed with fear for several minutes. B) biochemical orientation Cognitive Theorists Explain Depression in Terms of a Person's If your therapist concentrated on helping you recognize and change negative thoughts and thus improve your mood, your therapist would be using: "I do not know why you think you are a terrible surgeon. these activities are then reintroduced into the patient's daily schedule. "Depressed people show an internal/global/stable pattern of attribution on a questionnaire." An important difference between mood disorders and normal mood fluctuation is: A) the particular medication used to treat the problem. Which of these statements would NOT reflect a part of the cognitive triad? D) internal, specific, unstable factors. D) a flash floodspreading out wherever theres room for it to go. C) recurrent The experience of a lack of desire to engage in sexual activity with one's spouse would be considered a ______ symptom. B) two months. In the United States, the prevalence of unipolar depression in boys is: A) The same as it is for girls, and the prevalence for men is the same as it is for women. C) endogenous depression. The individual associated with developing a cognitive theory of depression based on negative and maladaptive thinking was: Peer Commentary. Which is NOT a goal of the cultural-sensitive therapy movement? A prenatal exposure to _____ is related to depression in children. D. about as likely to be diagnosed with depression, but less likely to have recurrent episodes. According to a cognitive explanation for panic attack, she probably has a low degree of ______. B) cognitive C) Both human infants and infant monkeys show depression-like symptoms when they are separated from their mothers. D) psychoanalytic. B) behavioral. B) behavioral clinician. D) very coherent, with abnormally high self-esteem. C) postpartum The MOST recent research shows that: Get matched with a relationship counselor today. D) biochemical orientation. C) abnormal, and is an indication that bipolar disorder would be the proper diagnosis. This is: C) is probably correct: lower activity in the prefrontal cortex is associated with depression. People with one anxiety disorder are MOST likely to: experience another anxiety disorder, too. This study would be: Cognitive theorists explain depression in terms of a person's: negative interpretation of events. B) 50 percent This is consistent with the: Somene who experiences a half-dozen alternations between mild mania and major depression within a one-year time span would be classified as: C) exogenous depression. These automatic thoughts are theorized to differ depending on the specific psychological problems a person is experiencing. B) Unipolar depression produces stress, which produces dysregulated immune systems. Recent research indicates that all of the following brain structures or regions are part of the brain circuit involved iterm-47n unipolar depression, EXCEPT: C) cognitive D) bipolar I. B) are the same as those of depression (e.g., sadness), but accompanied by aggressiveness. According to the DSM-5, all of the following are considered symptoms of a manic episode, EXCEPT: A) against the hormone explanation. MentalHelp may receive marketing compensation from these companies should you choose to use their services. A) are highly correlated with positive life events. On an impulse, David decides to throw a huge party. A. they all have some supporting evidence, but they all also have some research findings they cant explain. D) depression should in fact usually be considered a disease, rather than a psychological disorder. Of the following statements, which is accurate, based on current research? To be classified as having a major depressive episode, depression must last for a period of at least: The type of clinician who would be MOST likely to say, "Tell me about the quality of mutual support you receive from your marriage" is a: B) Freud. The cognitive movement did not reject behavioral principles, however. Abnormal "ion activity" has been found in many people suffering from bipolar disorder. The theoretical orientation of the therapist is MOST likely: Based on these data, the diagnosis MOST likely would be: B) 40 percent, 10 percent, 1 percent B) especially high levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine, and their metabolites. C) concern about body weight can be both a cause and a result of depression. It takes four days of round-the-clock work to get everything ready, then David welcomes over 200 guests. When you ignore positives and focus on the negatives (pessimism). B) one-of-a-kind; previous studies do not connect specific brain areas to depression. Where There is Life, There is Hope, Depression and Why Suicide is Not an Option. C) Try, at least occasionally, to feel mildly depressed; cyclothymic disorder is characteristic of most great artists. B) Life stress and body dissatisfaction explanations have substantially better support than the other explanations. If we ultimately find that people with unipolar depression have certain biochemical characteristics, certain cognitive characteristics, and certain life stressors, then we will have evidence that: D) sociocultural and biological, A recently divorced individual who swears off dating for fear of experiencing another failed relationship has an increased risk of developing a depressive disorder, providing direct support for which theoretical explanation of depression? B) biochemical an abnormality in the activity of certain neurotransmitters, especially serotonin and norepinephrine. D) ethnic background. B) behavioral clinician.. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Cognitive Therapy (CT) are closely related therapeutic approaches with some differences. C) "Think about getting some therapy; becoming more creative might not be worth it." a) A client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) tells the nurse, "Sometimes I feel so frustrated. A) the cognitive triad. D) motivational and emotional. A) emotional symptoms. A baby who was separated from its mother at birth, and who subsequently became withdrawn, sad, and tearful, could be experiencing: A clinician says at a workshop, "I prefer the most recently developed antidepressant medications, because they're harder to overdose on and they don't require dietary restrictions." A) very unusual; previous studies have most strongly connected other brain areas to depression. Every aspect of his life, at home and away, is affected by his behavior. He sits in a chair all day and almost never moves. D) cortisol. D) cognitive symptoms. C) her gender Homework is Completed By: Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating; ONLINE. Which explanation of depression has connected mood to the rewards in a person's life? For example, depressed people will tend to demonstrate selective attention to information, which matches their negative expectations, and inattention to information that contradicts those expectations. What is the best thing, in terms of being a creative, productive artist, that your friend could do? She is exhibiting: The gland that produces a hormone that is involved in the reaction to fearful and stressful situations is the: Which is the BEST Example of the therapy technique known as behavioral activation? Copyright 2023 MentalHelp.net, All rights reserved. A) biochemical C) depressed family members give inaccurate self-reports. He finds he wakes up early in the morning and has no appetite. B) symbolic losses. C) Artifact theory probably will emerge as a dominant explanation. B) a finding that people show negative thoughts only after they become depressed All of the following are types of major depressive disorders EXCEPT:
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