Please use the form below to submit correspondence to the authors or contact them at the following address: Bernat Prez de Val, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries Centre de Recera en Sanitat Animal Edifici CReSA. Isolation and analysis of the molecular epidemiology and zoonotic significance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in domestic and wildlife ruminants from three states in India. People didn't follow directions for taking the drugs or stopped taking the drugs. Most people don't have symptoms during a primary infection. Would you like email updates of new search results? Article [1, 2]. 2dth ed. The main etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB) in livestock and wildlife is Mycobacterium bovis.This species also infects humans through inhalation or ingestion and causes TB that is clinically indistinguishable from that caused by M. tuberculosis.. In this study, glucocorticoids were associated with M. bovis, suggesting that immunosuppression may favour M. bovis disease. Mukherjee F, Bahekar VS, Pasha SY, Kannan P, Prasad A, Rana SK, et al. A person can get an infection after inhaling the droplets. Recently, Bapat et al65, using duplex PCR, studied the prevalence of M. bovis in three groups of high-risk human population from Central India group 1: farmers, dairy workers and livestock keepers; group 2: zookeepers and animal handlers and group 3: residents of high-TB burden endemic area. Human tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis: a retrospective The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a TB test for people who have an increased risk of TB infection or active TB disease. Of note, a connection with Mexico (in the form of country of birth, contact with family members, or consumption of unpasteurized dairy products) has been the most frequently reported risk factor in research conducted in the United States [6, 10, 11, 1315]. In: Tandon V, Dhawan BN, editors. Frontiers | Global Distribution and Evolution of Mycobacterium bovis Some features distinguish M. caprae from its epidemiological twin, Mycobacterium bovis: M. caprae is evolutionarily older, accounts for a smaller burden of zoonotic TB and is not globally distributed, but primarily restricted to European countries. TB-compatible lesions were found in the lungs and thoracic, mesenteric, or ileocecal lymph nodes of 13 animals (12 sheep, 1 goat). Mishra A, Singhal A, Chauhan DS, Katoch VM, Srivastava K, Thakral SS, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Accessibility Working in health care and treating people with a high risk of. 1 Transposon libraries identify novel Mycobacterium bovis BCG genes involved in the dynamic interactions required for BCG to persist during in vivo passage in cattle. Allix-Bguec C, Fauville-Dufaux M, Stoffels K, Ommeslag D, Walravens K, Saegerman C, et al. An interesting outbreak of TB among the cattle and people on the dairy farm due to consumption of raw milk has been reported in 200993. Soc Sci Med. Active TB disease. LoBue PA, Moser KS. Bobadilla-del Valle M, Torres-Gonzalez P, Cervera-Hernandez ME, Martinez-Gamboa A, Crabtree-Ramirez B, Chavez-Mazari B, Ortiz-Conchi N, Rodriguez-Cruz L, Cervantes-Sanchez A, Gudino-Enriquez T, et al. Soler-Camargo NC, Silva-Pereira TT, Zimpel CK, Camacho MF, Zelanis A, Aono AH, Patan JS, Dos Santos AP, Guimares AMS. Some forms of the TB bacteria have become drug resistant. Sometimes you can have these infections with no symptoms at all. Extrapulmonary disease accounted for 41.6% of M. bovis cases, and 30.1% of M. tuberculosis (p=0.01). The influence of cattle breed on susceptibility to bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Traditionally, M. bovis has been associated with extrapulmonary disease; however, it is unclear if this is related to route of contagion, the immune status of the host, or if it obeys to particular virulence features of M. bovis [2, 14, 34]. Despite being declared a priority disease by the WHO as early as in the 1950s, zoonotic TB has not received due attention in India. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. The spillover of TB from animals to humans or vice versa may jeopardize the efforts of TB eradication programmes in high-endemic countries like India. In the countryside, animals and humans live in close proximity to each other. Evidence of TB exists in 3000 year old Egyptian mummies and about 17,000 year old fossilized bison1-3. In one reported case of M. bovis in a captive African lion, three keepers . This can put tiny droplets with the germs into the air. We defined M. bovis as a positive culture with dysgonic growth and biochemical tests results (niacin production, nitrate reduction, thiophen-2-carboxylic acid anhydride susceptibility, and pyrazinamidase deamidation) typical of this species, and M. tuberculosis as a positive culture with eugonic growth and compatible biochemical test results (niacin production, nitrate reductase positive test and heat-stable catalase activity) [21]. Studies accurately exploring the time of exposure and unpasteurized dairy consumption are needed in order to confirm these hypotheses. Gambhir HS, Kaushik RM, Kaushik R, Sindhwani G. Tobacco smoking-associated risk for tuberculosis: a casecontrol study. Talk to your health care provider if you have one or more of the following risk factors. Cluster of human tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis:Evidence for person-to-person transmission in the UK. Also, the disease spreads more easily in crowded gatherings. This might be explained by the geographical location of our hospital and the fact that most of our patients reside in the central states of Mexico, where the highest prevalence of BTB is reported, and because exposure-related data such as unpasteurized dairy consumption and close contact with cattle were missing from most of the clinical records [17]. Isolation and identification of mycobacteria in new world primates maintained in captivity. Human tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in the United States, 1995-2005. de la Rua-Domenech R. Human Mycobacterium bovis infection in the United Kingdom:Incidence, risks, control measures and review of the zoonotic aspects of bovine tuberculosis. Still others cause infections that are called atypical mycobacterial infections. Advantages of a new agar medium in the primary isolation of Mycobacterium bovis. Prevalence of mycobacteria in raw milk sampled in Karnal, India. Zoonotic tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in developing countries. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Krajewska-Wdzina M, Radulski , Waters WR, Didkowska A, Zabost A, Augustynowicz-Kope E, Brzeziska S, Weiner M. Pathogens. Tuberculosis in humans and animals: an overview - PubMed Gallivan M, Shah N, Flood J. Sporkar MB. This is the government office in charge of monitoring BTB control in Mexico [17]. Analysis of a TB outbreak caused by polyresistant M. bovis involving a human and sympatric sheep in Spain suggests local circulation of drug-resistant M. bovis strains among livestock. However, we did not identify an association between HIV coinfection and M. bovis disease, even after stratification by CD4+ counts. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. The main etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB) in livestock and wildlife is Mycobacterium bovis. 10 Infected carnivores should be considered a health risk to staff working with these animals. MicroRNA profiling of the bovine alveolar macrophage response to Mycobacterium bovis infection suggests pathogen survival is enhanced by microRNA regulation of endocytosis and lysosome trafficking. Tuberculosis (Edinb). Extra pulmonary tuberculosis:A diagnostic dilemma. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-2001-5, http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&Itemid=270&gid=31284&lang=es, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Emerg Infect Dis. We did not observe a difference regarding in-hospital mortality between both species, even after stratification by disease site. The complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium bovis. Conversely, in developing countries, M. bovis disease is likely to be still frequent but underreported because of reliance on laboratory techniques that are insufficient to identify the different species within the M. tuberculosis complex (i.e., direct smear microscopy, GeneXpert molecular testing, or culture without species-level identification) [3]. SENASICA. PubMed LoBue PA, Betacourt W, Peter C, Moser KS. 2022 Oct 11;11(10):1170. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11101170. Altissimi C, No-Nordberg C, Ranucci D, Paulsen P. Foods. In this context, the aim of this study was to describe the sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics, and to determine the factors associated with M. bovis disease as compared with M. tuberculosis. Another person can then breathe in the droplets, and the germs enter the lungs. Mycobacterium bovis infection and control in domestic livestock. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Privacy Arthritis Rheum. BMC Infectious Diseases A person taking drugs to treat active TB disease usually can't pass the disease after 2 to 3 weeks of treatment. But some captured germs may still survive and multiply. Park D, Qin H, Jain S, Preziosi M, Minuto JJ, Mathews WC, Moser KS, Benson CA. Regarding the impact of anti-tuberculosis treatment, it may be difficult to assess the impact of the absence of the pyrazinamide effect on M. bovis during the initial phase of treatment when other drugs are administered concomitantly. BMC Microbiol. Both groups showed similar proportions of direct microscopy smear results (respiratory samples) and chest X-ray cavitations. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Therefore, clinical variations and treatment outcomes of co-infection need to be investigated for better management of patients in our country and in countries where bTB is endemic. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Learn the symptoms, risk factors, and prevention. Prevalence of zoonotic tuberculosis and associated risk factors in Central Indian populations. Cousins DV, Francis BR, Gow BL. https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2022/tb-disease-burden/2-1-tb-incidence. Human tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis-New York City, 20012004. J Clin Microbiol. M. tuberculosis was associated with lower socioeconomic status (aOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.280.97). Neither residency in a non-accredited zone for BTB eradication, nor positive HIV status were significantly different among M. bovis cases (Table1). The immune system may completely destroy the germs. The importance of Mycobacterium bovis as a zoonosis. Hlavsa MC, Moonan PK, Cowan LS, Navin TR, Kammerer JS, Morlock GP, Crawford JT, Lobue PA. Human tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in the United States, 19952005. [accessed on November 13, 2019]. Mycobacterium bovis - UpToDate It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) which can also infect and cause disease in many other mammals including humans, deer, goats, pigs, cats, dogs and badgers. Bates MN, Khalakdina A, Pai M, Chang L, Lessa F, Smith KR. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. Laisse, Sven D.C. Parsons, Paul D. van Helden, and Jakob Zinsstag This may be attributed to the larger study period, and a higher proportion of immunosuppressed population along with the poor control of BTB in the region, especially among dairy farms and artisan dairy products retail [3, 27]. de Val, B., Romero, B., Trtola, M., Len, L., Pozo, P., Mercader, I.Vidal, E. (2021). Grange JM, Daborn C, Cosivi O. HIV-related tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis. However, the disease has not received much attention and the country lacks data on the national prevalence of M. bovis-derived human TB. https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/faqs/tb-qa.htm. Krajewska-Wdzina M, Koziska M, Orowska B, Weiner M, Szulowski K, Augustynowicz-Kope E, Anusz K, Smith NH. All rights reserved. Alfonso R, Romero RE, Diaz A, Calderon MN, Urdaneta G, Arce J, et al. The proportion of patients that reported contact with TB-infected people was similar among both groups. Bovine tuberculosis:An old disease but a new threat to Africa. Tuberculosis from Mycobacterium bovis in binational communities, United States. The score is derived from an automated algorithm, and represents a weighted count of the amount of attention Altmetric picked up for a research output. However, further studies in the general population with a proper follow-up are needed to generalize these findings and define other associated factors for M. bovis disease. The use of molecular techniques to detect M. bovis provides a rapid alternative to culture. Lennette EH, Spaulding EH, Truant JP. Polyresistant Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Human and Sympatric Sheep, Spain, 20172018. Google Scholar. We are grateful to Maite Martn and Mnica Prez for their outstanding technical assistance and to the Mycobacteria Section of the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service) for the sequencing service and technical support. The patient worked as a farmer on cattle and small ruminant farms in his county. Accessed Jan. 4, 2023. Mycobacterium bovis - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics This may be related to conditions such as living in crowded settings, alcoholism, and malnutrition, which may be more critical for an exclusively airborne pathogen like M. tuberculosis [33]. This work was supported by the Department of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food of the Government of Catalonia and by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. A multiplex-PCR for the differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Some features distinguish M. caprae from its epidemiological twin, Mycobacterium bovis: M. caprae is evolutionarily older, accounts for a smaller burden of zoonotic TB and is not globally distributed, but primarily restricted to European countries. h) Initiate awareness programmes about the impact of zoonotic TB in farmers and high-risk population to stimulate the interest in prevention and control strategies. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54:6058. The study also reported consumption of raw milk and previous contact with active cases of TB as important determinants for zoonotic TB in the human population residing in the area. Arch Intern Med. Cordova E, Gonzalo X, Boschi A, Lossa M, Robles M, Poggi S, Ambroggi M. Human Mycobacterium bovis infection in Buenos Aires: epidemiology, microbiology and clinical presentation. Google Scholar. Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis &M. tuberculosis from cattle of some farms in north India Possible relevance in human health. Molecular analysis of ancient microbial infection. Mycobacterium africanum - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics A number of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods have been developed and proposed for the rapid diagnosis of bTB in animals17. Bookshelf Prodinger WM, Brandsttter A, Naumann L, Pacciarini M, Kubica T, Boschiroli ML, Aranaz A, Nagy G, Cvetnic Z, Ocepek M, Skrypnyk A, Erler W, Niemann S, Pavlik I, Moser I. J Clin Microbiol. Also, a baby may have symptoms from swelling in the fluid around the brain or spinal cord, including: Being sluggish or not active. Therefore, we believe that pulmonary M. bovis patients must be subject to the same isolation measures as M. tuberculosis in order to avoid spread. Terms and Conditions, Vestal AL. Bapat PR, Dodkey RS, Shekhawat SD, Husain AA., Nayak AR, Kawle AP, et al. Infection primarily occurs through close contact with infected animals or by consumption of contaminated food of animal origin (viz., unpasteurized milk and undercooked meat)29. Also, we categorized patients as residents of a non-accredited zone for BTB eradication by the United States Department of Agriculture using data provided by the Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASICA). A case of bovine tubercle bacilli infection in man in India. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in Patients Coinfected with The present review is based on published information and an attempt to discuss the status of M. bovis infection in the human population and highlights key challenges in minimizing cases of M. bovis-derived human TB in India. Controlling TB in small ruminants and studying drug resistance in strains circulating among livestock should also be considered. Original Publication Date: March 09, 2021, Table of Contents Volume 27, Number 4April 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters fromMayo Clinic Press. The intravesical administration of bacillus Calmette-Gurin (BCG), an attenuated live strain of Mycobacterium bovis, has become a mainstay of adjunctive therapy for superficial bladder cancer. Feuerriegel S, Kser CU, Richter E, Niemann S. Mycobacterium canettii is intrinsically resistant to both pyrazinamide and pyrazinoic acid. statement and Although the exact underlying mechanism of M. bovis infection in humans is not well understood, it is believed that the alimentary route of infection leads to extra-pulmonary TB30, whereas the aerosol route of M. bovis infection during close contact with animals results in pulmonary disease in humans31. Recent reports underscore the importance of understanding the epidemiology of M. bovis disease [11, 12]. Drugs to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. If we combine this information with your protected health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of privacy practices. Six of these were M. tuberculosis (4 pulmonary, 2 extrapulmonary), and one was M. bovis (pulmonary). Comment submitted successfully, thank you for your feedback. Bennett JE, et al. The aetiological agents of TB are members of the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex (MTBC); namely M. tuberculosis, M. africanum, M. bovis, M. microti, M. canetti, M. caprae and M. pinnipedii [ 2]. The Altmetric Attention Score for a research output provides an indicator of the amount of attention that it has received. Rodrguez E, Snchez LP, Prez S, Herrera L, Jimnez MS, Samper S, Iglesias MJ. Before Your US state privacy rights, In fact, the majority of the studies conducted in the United States have identified a connection with Mexico [11, 15]. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Mycobacterium bovis infection in human beings. When antibiotic drugs aren't used correctly or drugs fail to kill all the bacteria for another reason the conditions are ideal for more-resistant versions of the bacteria to get established and multiply. Importance of identifying Mycobacterium bovis as a causative agent of human tuberculosis. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/mycobacteria/tuberculosis-tb. PDF Mycobacterium bovis (Bovine Tuberculosis) in Humans Impact of cigarette smoking on rates and clinical prognosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Southern Mexico. Take all of the drugs as directed during the entire time. Accessed Jan. 25, 2023. Article: Systematic Review of Hansen Disease Attributed to Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Limiting the analysis to patients with extrapulmonary disease only, M. bovis presented with abdominal TB in 32.8% of the cases, compared with 10.7% for M. tuberculosis (p<0.001). Pulmonary disease was defined as a positive culture from sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, endotracheal aspirate, gastric aspirate, lung and pleural biopsy, pleural fluid, or intrathoracic lymph nodes. Immune system cells build a wall around lung tissue with TB germs. Washington: American Society for Microbiology; 1974. If you have active TB disease, you'll need to take steps to prevent other people from getting an infection. India has a huge burden of HIV/AIDS (2.14 million)90 and other immune-compromised (diabetes, organ transplant recipients, cancer, drugs user, etc.) Telenti A, Marchesi F, Balz M, Bally F, Bottger EC, Bodmer T. Rapid identification of mycobacteria to the species level by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis. These results suggest that although strains from cattle and from the sheep and human were not closely related enough to be considered the same strain, they might have evolved from a common ancestral isoniazid-resistant strain. American Thoracic Society. To determine characteristics associated with M. bovis as compared with M. tuberculosis we used unconditional logistic regression. Springer Nature. As infected cows can transmit M. bovis infection to other animals and to human beings, these are likely to increase the bioburden of M. bovis in India. In people, symptoms of TB disease caused by M. bovis are similar to the symptoms of TB caused by M. tuberculosis; this can include fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Additionally, we did not include data from children in this study given that our hospital only tends to the adult population, precluding us from further exploring this age group as a risk factor. Epub 2017 Dec 6. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2000;49:151. Torres-Gonzalez, P., Cervera-Hernandez, M.E., Martinez-Gamboa, A. et al. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologa Agroalimentries-Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Barcelona, Spain (B. Prez de Val, M. Domingo, E. Vidal), VISAVET-Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (B. Romero, P. Pozo), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona (M.T. In the current scenario, precautionary measures are needed to restrict the transmission of live M. bovis to humans. Pulmonary disease was observed in 36% of M. bovis, and 52.6% of M. tuberculosis (p<0.001). PubMed Torres-Gonzalez P, Soberanis-Ramos O, Martinez-Gamboa A, Chavez-Mazari B, Barrios-Herrera MT, Torres-Rojas M, Cruz-Hervert LP, Garcia-Garcia L, Singh M, Gonzalez-Aguirre A, et al. Guerrero A, Cobo J, Fortun J, Navas E, Quereda C, Asensio A, Canon J, Blazquez J, Gomez-Mampaso E. Nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium bovis resistant to 11 drugs in people with advanced HIV-1 infection. Bovine tuberculosis in India:Potential basis for zoonosis. Cluster of human tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis: evidence for person-to-person transmission in the UK. Glucocorticoid use was defined as15mg of prednisone or its equivalent for more than one month in the year previous to TB diagnosis [18]. 2022 Oct-Dec;11(4):466-468. doi: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_148_22.